Principles Of Management Unit 2 Ppt Here

Unit 2 of a Principles of Management course typically focuses on the core managerial function of Planning. This phase is the foundation of the P-O-L-C framework (Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling), establishing the roadmap an organization follows to reach its goals. Core Concepts of Planning

Slide 16: Pros and Cons of MBO

• Group: More accurate, diverse views, slower, risk of groupthink.
• Individual: Faster, less conflict, but may lack diverse input.

Group decision techniques: Brainstorming, Nominal Group Technique (silent voting), Delphi Method (expert opinions). principles of management unit 2 ppt

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Managers rarely make decisions with perfect information. Usually, they operate under: Certainty: All outcomes are known. Risk: Outcomes are estimated based on probability. Uncertainty: No knowledge of probabilities or outcomes. 7. Planning Tools and Techniques Unit 2 of a Principles of Management course

• Anchoring bias (over-relying on first info).
• Confirmation bias (seeking info that supports pre-existing views).
• Escalation of commitment (throwing good money after bad).